【標(biāo)題】 中華人民共和國國境衛(wèi)生檢疫法(附英文)
【發(fā)布單位】 全國人大常委會
【發(fā)布日期】1986年12月02日
【實施日期】1987年05月01日
第一章 總則
第二章 檢疫
第三章 傳染病監(jiān)測
第四章 衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督
第五章 法律責(zé)任
第六章 附則
第一章 總 則
第一條 為了防止傳染病由國外傳入或者由國內(nèi)傳出，實施國境衛(wèi)生檢疫，保護人體健康，制定本法。
第二條 在中華人民共和國國際通航的港口、機場以及陸地邊境和國界江河的口岸（以下簡稱國境口岸），設(shè)立國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)，依照本法規(guī)定實施傳染病檢疫、監(jiān)測和衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督。
國務(wù)院衛(wèi)生行政部門主管全國國境衛(wèi)生檢疫工作。
第三條 本法規(guī)定的傳染病是指檢疫傳染病和監(jiān)測傳染病。檢疫傳染病，是指鼠疫、霍亂、黃熱病以及國務(wù)院確定和公布的其他傳染病。
監(jiān)測傳染病，由國務(wù)院衛(wèi)生行政部門確定和公布。
第四條 入境、出境的人員、交通工具、運輸設(shè)備以及可能摶播檢疫傳染病的行李、貨物、郵包等物品，都應(yīng)當(dāng)接受檢疫，經(jīng)國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)許可，方準(zhǔn)入境或者出境。具體辦法由本法實施細(xì)則規(guī)定。
第五條 國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)發(fā)現(xiàn)檢疫傳染病或者疑似檢疫傳染病時，除采取必要措施外，必須立即通知當(dāng)?shù)匦l(wèi)生行政部門，同時用最快的方法報告國務(wù)院衛(wèi)生行政部門，最遲不得超過二十四小時。郵電部門對疫情報告應(yīng)當(dāng)優(yōu)先傳送。
中華人民共和國與外國之間的傳染病疫情通報，由國務(wù)院衛(wèi)生行政部門會同有關(guān)部門辦理。
第六條 在國外或者國內(nèi)有檢疫傳染病大流行的時候，國務(wù)院可以下令封鎖有關(guān)的國境或者采取其他緊急措施。
第二章 檢 疫
第七條 入境的交通工具和人員，必須在最先到達的國境口岸的指定地點接受檢疫。除引航員外，未經(jīng)國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)許可，任何人不準(zhǔn)上下交通工具，不準(zhǔn)裝卸行李、貨物、郵包等物品。具體辦法由本法實施細(xì)則規(guī)定。
第八條 出境的交通工具和人員，必須在最后離開的國境口岸接受檢疫。
第九條 來自國外的船舶、航空器因故停泊、降落在中國境內(nèi)非口岸地點的時候，船舶、航空器的負(fù)責(zé)人應(yīng)當(dāng)立即向就近的國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)或者當(dāng)?shù)匦l(wèi)生行政部門報告。除緊急情況外，未經(jīng)國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)或者當(dāng)?shù)匦l(wèi)生行政部門許可，任何人不準(zhǔn)上下船舶、航空器，不準(zhǔn)裝卸行李、貨物、郵包等物品。
第十條 在國境口岸發(fā)現(xiàn)檢疫傳染病、疑似檢疫傳染病，或者有人非因意外傷害而死亡并死因不明的，國境口岸有關(guān)單位和交通工具的負(fù)責(zé)人，應(yīng)當(dāng)立即向國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)報告，并申請臨時檢疫。
第十一條 國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)依據(jù)檢疫醫(yī)師提供的檢疫結(jié)果，對未染有檢疫傳染病或者已實施衛(wèi)生處理的交通工具，簽發(fā)入境檢疫證或者出境檢疫證。
第十二條 國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)對檢疫傳染病染疫人必須立即將其隔離，隔離期限根據(jù)醫(yī)學(xué)檢查結(jié)果確定；對檢疫傳染病染疫嫌疑人應(yīng)當(dāng)將其留驗，留驗期限根據(jù)該傳染病的潛伏期確定。
因患檢疫傳染病而死亡的尸體，必須就近火化。
第十三條 接受入境檢疫的交通工具有下列情形之一的，應(yīng)當(dāng)實施消毒、除鼠、除蟲或者其他衛(wèi)生處理：
（一）來自檢疫傳染病疫區(qū)的；
（二）被檢疫傳染病污染的；
（三）發(fā)現(xiàn)有與人類健康有關(guān)的嚙齒動物或者病媒昆蟲的。
如果外國交通工具的負(fù)責(zé)人拒絕接受衛(wèi)生處理，除有特殊情況外，準(zhǔn)許該交通工具在國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)的監(jiān)督下，立即離開中華人民共和國國境。
第十四條 國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)對來自疫區(qū)的、被檢疫傳染病污染的或者可能成為檢疫傳染病傳播媒介的行李、貨物、郵包等物品，應(yīng)當(dāng)進行衛(wèi)生檢查，實施消毒、除鼠、除蟲或者其他衛(wèi)生處理。入境、出境的尸體、骸骨的托運人或者其代理人，必須向國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)申報，經(jīng)衛(wèi)生檢查合格后發(fā)給入境、出境許可證，方準(zhǔn)運進或者運出。
第三章 傳染病監(jiān)測
第十五條 國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)對入境、出境的人員實施傳染病監(jiān)測，并且采取必要的預(yù)防、控制措施。
第十六條 國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)有權(quán)要求入境、出境的人員填寫健康申明卡，出示某種傳染病的預(yù)防接種證書、健康證明或者其他有關(guān)證件。
第十七條 對患有監(jiān)測傳染病的人、來自國外監(jiān)測傳染病流行區(qū)的人或者與監(jiān)測傳染病人密切接觸的人，國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)應(yīng)當(dāng)區(qū)別情況，發(fā)給就診方便卡，實施留驗或者采取其他預(yù)防、控制措施，并及時通知當(dāng)?shù)匦l(wèi)生行政部門。各地醫(yī)療單位對持有就診方便卡的人員，應(yīng)當(dāng)優(yōu)先診治。
第四章 衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督
第十八條 國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)根據(jù)國家規(guī)定的衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對國境口岸的衛(wèi)生狀況和停留在國境口岸的入境、出境的交通工具的衛(wèi)生狀況實施衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督：
（一）監(jiān)督和指導(dǎo)有關(guān)人員對嚙齒動物、病媒昆蟲的根除；
（二）檢查和檢驗食品、飲用水及其儲存、供應(yīng)、運輸設(shè)施；
（三）監(jiān)督從事食品、飲用水供應(yīng)的從業(yè)人員的健康狀況，檢查其健康證明書；
（四）監(jiān)督和檢查垃圾、廢物、污水、糞便、壓艙水的處理。
第十九條 國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)設(shè)立國境口岸衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督員，執(zhí)行國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)交給的任務(wù)。
國境口岸衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督員在執(zhí)行任務(wù)時，有權(quán)對國境口岸和入境、出境的交通工具進行衛(wèi)生監(jiān)督和技術(shù)指導(dǎo)，對衛(wèi)生狀況不良和可能引起傳染病傳播的因素提出改進意見，協(xié)同有關(guān)部門采取必要的措施，進行衛(wèi)生處理。
第五章 法律責(zé)任
第二十條 對違反本法規(guī)定，有下列行為之一的單位或者個人，國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)可以根據(jù)情節(jié)輕重，給予警告或者罰款：
（一）逃避檢疫，向國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)隱瞞真實情況的；
（二）入境的人員未經(jīng)國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)許可，擅自上下交通工具，或者裝卸行李、貨物、郵包等物品，不聽勸阻的。罰款全部上繳國庫。
第二十一條 當(dāng)事人對國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)給予的罰款決定不服的，可以在接到通知之日起十五日內(nèi)，向當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣穹ㄔ浩鹪V。逾期不起訴又不履行的，國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)可以申請人民法院強制執(zhí)行。
第二十二條 違反本法規(guī)定，引起檢疫傳染病傳播或者有引起檢疫傳染病傳播嚴(yán)重危險的，依照《中華人民共和國刑法》第一百七十八條的規(guī)定追究刑事責(zé)任。
第二十三條 國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)工作人員，應(yīng)當(dāng)秉公執(zhí)法，忠于職守，對入境、出境的交通工具和人員，及時進行檢疫；違法失職的，給予行政處分，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重構(gòu)成犯罪的，依法追究刑事責(zé)任。
第六章 附 則
第二十四條 中華人民共和國締結(jié)或者參加的有關(guān)衛(wèi)生檢疫的國際條約同本法有不同規(guī)定的，適用該國際條約的規(guī)定。但是，中華人民共和國聲明保留的條款除外。
第二十五條 中華人民共和國邊防機關(guān)與鄰國邊防機關(guān)之間在邊境地區(qū)的往來，居住在 兩國邊境接壤地區(qū)的居民在邊境指定地區(qū)的臨時往來，雙方的交通工具和人員的入境、出境檢疫，依照雙方協(xié)議辦理，沒有協(xié)議的，依照中國政府的有關(guān)規(guī)定辦理。
第二十六條 國境衛(wèi)生檢疫機關(guān)實施衛(wèi)生檢疫，按照國家規(guī)定收取費用。
第二十七條 國務(wù)院衛(wèi)生行政部門根據(jù)本法制定實施細(xì)則，報國務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)后施行。
第二十八條 本法自一九八七年五月一日起施行。一九五七年十二月二十三日公布的《中華人民共和國國境衛(wèi)生檢疫條例》同時廢止。
FRONTIER HEALTH AND QUARANTINE LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Important Notice: (注意事項)
英文本源自中華人民共和國務(wù)院法制局編譯, 中國法制出版社出版的《中華人民共和國涉外法規(guī)匯編》(1991年7月版).
當(dāng)發(fā)生歧意時, 應(yīng)以法律法規(guī)頒布單位發(fā)布的中文原文為準(zhǔn).
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法規(guī)全文)
FRONTIER HEALTH AND QUARANTINE LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA(Adopted at the 18th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by Order No. 46 of the President of the People's Republic of China on December 2, 1986, and
effective as of May 1, 1987)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Quarantine Inspection
Chapter III Monitoring of Infectious Diseases
Chapter IV Health Supervision
Chapter V Legal Liability
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This Law is formulated in order to prevent infectious diseases from
spreading into or out of the country, to carry out frontier health and
quarantine inspection and to protect human health.
Article 2
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall be set up at international
seaports, airports and ports of entry at land frontiers and boundary
rivers (hereinafter referred to as "frontier ports") of the People's
Republic of China. These offices shall carry out the quarantining and
monitoring of infectious diseases, and health inspection in accordance
with the provisions of this Law.
Health administration departments under the State Council shall be in
charge of frontier health and quarantine work throughout the country.
Article 3
Infectious diseases specified in this Law shall include quarantinable
infectious diseases and infectious diseases to be monitored.
Quarantinable infectious diseases shall include plague, cholera, yellow
fever and other infectious diseases determined and announced by the State
Council. Infectious diseases to be monitored shall be determined and
announced by health administration departments under the State Council.
Article 4
Persons, conveyances and transport equipment, as well as articles such as
baggage, goods and postal parcels that may transmit quarantinable
infectious diseases, shall undergo quarantine inspection upon entering or
exiting the country. No entry or exit shall be allowed without the
permission of a frontier health and quarantine office. Specific measures
for implementation of this Law shall be stipulated in detailed
regulations.
Article 5
On discovering a quarantinable infectious disease or a disease suspected
to be quarantinable, a frontier health and quarantine office shall, in
addition to taking necessary measures, immediately notify the local health
administration department; at the same time, it shall make a report to the
health administration department under the State Council by the most
expeditious means possible, within 24 hours at the latest. Post and
telecommunications departments shall give priority to transmissions of
reports of epidemic diseases.
Messages exchanged between the People's Republic of China and foreign
countries on the epidemic situation of infectious diseases shall be
handled by the health administration department under the State Council in
conjunction with other departments concerned.
Article 6
When a quarantinable infectious disease is prevalent abroad or within
China, the State Council may order relevant sections of the border to be
blockaded or adopt other emergency measures.
Chapter II Quarantine Inspection
Article 7
Persons and conveyances on entering the country shall be subject to
quarantine inspection at designated places at the first frontier port of
their arrival. Except for harbour pilots, no person shall be allowed to
embark on or disembark from any means of transport and no articles such as
baggage, goods or postal parcels shall be loaded or unloaded without the
health and quarantine inspector's permission. Specific measures for the
implementation of this Law shall be stipulated in detailed regulations.
Article 8
Persons and conveyances exiting the country shall be subject to quarantine
inspection at the last frontier port of departure.
Article 9
When foreign ships or airborne vehicles anchor or land at places other
than frontier ports in China, the persons in charge of the ships or
airborne vehicles must report immediately to the nearest frontier health
and quarantine office or to the local health administration department.
Except in cases of emergency, no person shall be allowed to embark on or
disembark from the ship or airborne vehicle, and no articles such as
baggage, goods and postal parcels shall be loaded or unloaded without the
permission of a frontier health and quarantine office or the local health
administration department.
Article 10
When a quarantinable infectious disease, a disease suspected to be
quarantinable or a death due to an unidentified cause other than
accidental harm is discovered at a frontier port, the relevant department
at the frontier port and the person in charge of the conveyance must
report immediately to the frontier health and quarantine office and apply
for provisional quarantine inspection.
Article 11
According to the results of an inspection made by quarantine doctors, the
frontier health and quarantine office shall sign and issue a quarantine
certificate for entry or exit to a conveyance either uncontaminated by any
quarantinable infectious disease or already given decontamination
treatment.
Article 12
A person having a quarantinable infectious disease shall be placed in
isolation by the frontier health and quarantine office for a period
determined by the results of the medical examination, while a person
suspected of having a quarantinable infectious disease shall be kept for
inspection for a period determined by the incubation period of such
disease. The corpse of anyone who died from a quarantinable infectious
disease must be cremated at a nearby place.
Article 13
Any conveyance subject to entry quarantine inspection shall be
disinfected, deratted, treated with insecticides or given other sanitation
measures when found to be in any of the following conditions:
(1) having come from an area where a quarantinable infectious disease is
epidemic;
(2) being contaminated by a quarantinable infectious disease; or
(3) revealing the presence of rodents which affect human health or insects
which are carriers of disease.
Apart from exceptional cases, when the person in charge of the foreign
conveyance refuses to allow sanitation measures to be taken, the
conveyance shall be allowed to leave the frontier of the People's Republic
of China without delay under the supervision of the frontier health and
quarantine office.
Article 14
A frontier health and quarantine office shall conduct sanitation
inspections and disinfect, derate, treat with insecticides or apply other
sanitation measures to articles such as baggage, goods and postal parcels
that come from an epidemic area and are contaminated by a quarantinable
infectious disease or may act as a vehicle of a quarantinable infectious
disease.
A consignor or an agent for the transportation of a corpse or human
remains into or out of the country must declare the matter to a frontier
health and quarantine office; transport thereof, in either direction
across the border, shall not be allowed until sanitary inspection proves
satisfactory and an entry or exit permit is given.
Chapter III Monitoring of Infectious Diseases
Article 15
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall monitor persons on entry or
exit for quarantinable infectious diseases and shall take necessary
preventive and control measures.
Article 16
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall be authorized to require
persons on entry or exit to complete a health declaration form and produce
certificates of vaccination against certain infectious diseases, a health
certificate or other relevant documents.
Article 17
For persons who suffer from infectious diseases to be monitored, who come
from areas in foreign countries where infectious diseases to be monitored
are epidemic or who have close contact with patients suffering from
infectious diseases to be monitored, the frontier health and quarantine
offices shall, according to each case, issue them medical convenience
cards, keep them for inspection or take other preventive or control
measures, while promptly notifying the local health administration
department about such cases. Medical services at all places shall give
priority in consultation and treatment to persons possessing medical
convenience cards.
Chapter IV Health Supervision
Article 18
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall, in accordance with state
health standards, exercise health supervision over the sanitary conditions
at frontier ports and the sanitary conditions of conveyances on entry or
exit at frontier ports. They shall:
(1) supervise and direct concerned personnel on the prevention and
elimination of rodents and insects that carry diseases;
(2) inspect and test food and drinking water and facilities for their
storage, supply and delivery;
(3) supervise the health of employees engaged in the supply of food and
drinking water and check their health certificates; and
(4) supervise and inspect the disposal of garbage, waste matter, sewage,excrement and ballast water.
Article 19
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall have frontier port health
supervisors, who shall carry out the tasks assigned by the frontier health
and quarantine offices. In performing their duties, frontier port health
supervisors shall be authorized to conduct health supervision and give
technical guidance regarding frontier ports and conveyances on entry or
exit; to give advice for improvement wherever sanitary conditions are
unsatisfactory and factors exist that may spread infectious diseases; and
to coordinate departments concerned to take necessary measures and apply
sanitary treatment.
Chapter V Legal Liability
Article 20
A frontier health and quarantine office may warn or fine, according to the
circumstances, any unit or individual that has violated the provisions of
this Law by committing any of the following acts:
(1) evading quarantine inspection or withholding the truth in reports to
the frontier health and quarantine office;
(2) embarking on or disembarking from conveyances upon entry, or loading
or unloading articles such as baggage, goods or postal parcels, without
the permission of a frontier health and quarantine office and refusing to
listen to the office's advice against such acts. All fines thus collected
shall be turned over to the state treasury.
Article 21
If a concerned party refuses to obey a decision on a fine made by a
frontier health and quarantine office, he may, within 15 days after
receiving notice of the fine, file a lawsuit in a local people's court. The frontier health and quarantine office may apply to the people's court
for mandatory enforcement of a decision if the concerned party neither
files a lawsuit nor obeys the decision within the 15-day term.
Article 22
If a quarantinable infectious disease is caused to spread or is in great
danger of being spread as a result of a violation of the provisions of
this Law, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with
Article 178 of the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China.
Article 23
The personnel of frontier health and quarantine offices must enforce this
Law impartially, perform duties faithfully and promptly conduct quarantine
inspection on conveyances and persons upon entry or exit. Those who
violate the law or are derelict in their duties shall be given
disciplinary sanctions; where circumstances are serious enough to
constitute a crime criminal responsibility shall be investigated in
accordance with the law.
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions
Article 24
Where the provisions of this Law differ from those of international
treaties on health and quarantine that China has concluded or joined, the
provisions of such international treaties shall prevail, with the
exception of the treaty clauses on which the People's Republic of China
has declared reservations.
Article 25
In cases of temporary contact between frontier defence units of the
People's Republic of China and those of a neighbouring country, of a
temporary visit at a designated place on the frontier by residents of the
border areas of the two countries and of entry or exit of conveyances and
persons of the two sides, quarantine inspection shall be conducted in line
with the agreements between China and the other country or, in the absence
of such an agreement, in accordance with the relevant regulations of the
Chinese Government.
Article 26
Frontier health and quarantine offices shall charge for health and
quarantine services according to state regulations.
Article 27
The health administration department under the State Council shall, in
accordance with this Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which
shall go into effect after being submitted to and approved by the State
Council.
Article 28
This Law shall go into effect on May 1, 1987. On the same day, the
Frontier Health and Quarantine Regulations of the People's Republic of
China promulgated on December 23, 1957, shall be invalidated.
|